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spermidine biosynthetic process
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GO_0008295 |
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negative regulation of (phosphorylation of PIP2) in AKT(PKB) activation signaling
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negative_regulation_of_(phosphorylation_of_PIP2)_in_AKT(PKB)_activation_signaling |
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activation of PP2A by PKA
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activation_of_PP2A_by_PKA |
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beta adrenergic receptor signaling
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beta_adrenergic_receptor_signaling |
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activation of c-Raf1 by PKC eta
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activation_of_c-Raf1_by_PKC_eta |
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activation of MEKK3 by RIP
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activation_of_MEKK3_by_RIP |
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polyglucosan biosynthetic pathway
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polyglucosan_biosynthetic_pathway |
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demyristoylation reaction
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MI_0201 |
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forming disulfide bond
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TXPO_0002118 |
[In chemistry, a disulfide refers to a functional group with the structure R−S−S−R′. The linkage is also called an SS-bond or sometimes a disulfide bridge and is usually derived by the coupling of two thiol groups.
Occurrence in proteins
Disulfide bonds play an important role in the folding and stability of some proteins, usually proteins secreted to the extracellular medium. Since most cellular compartments are reducing environments, in general, disulfide bonds are unstable in the cytosol, with some exceptions as noted below, unless a sulfhydryl oxidase is present.
Disulfide bonds in proteins are formed between the thiol groups of cysteine residues by the process of oxidative folding. The other sulfur-containing amino acid, methionine, cannot form disulfide bonds. A disulfide bond is typically denoted by hyphenating the abbreviations for cysteine, e.g., when referring to ribonuclease A the "Cys26–Cys84 disulfide bond", or the "26–84 disulfide bond", or most simply as "C26–C84" where the disulfide bond is understood and does not need to be mentioned. The prototype of a protein disulfide bond is the two-amino-acid peptide cystine, which is composed of two cysteine amino acids joined by a disulfide bond (shown in Figure 3 in its unionized form). The structure of a disulfide bond can be described by its χss dihedral angle between the Cβ−Sγ−Sγ−Cβ atoms, which is usually close to ±90°.] |
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depalmitoylation reaction
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MI_0202 |
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autophosphorylation of TRK
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autophosphorylation_of_TRK |
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autophosphorylation of RTK
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autophosphorylation_of_RTK |
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caspase 8/10 activation signaling
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caspase_8/10_activation_signaling |
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degeranylation reaction
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MI_0200 |
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regulation of Fyn activation signaling
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regulation_of_Fyn_activation_signaling |
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nuclear import of AKT
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nuclear_import_of_AKT |
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geranylgeranylation reaction
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MI_0209 |
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p75NTR-NF-ĸB activation
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p75NTR-NF-ĸB_activation |
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formylation reaction
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MI_0207 |
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farnesylation reaction
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MI_0206 |
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